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The earths atmospheric greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring process whereby the earths atmosphere traps some of the Suns heat, causing the earths surface to warm. Greenhouse gases cause this process in the atmosphere, which allows sunlight to pass through but traps some of the resulting heat. This trapped heat makes the earths surface warmer than it would otherwise and helps maintain the earths climate.
When the Suns energy reaches the earths atmosphere, some of it is reflected into space, absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. Gases influencing the greenhouse effect are nitrous oxide, water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, and chlorofluorocarbons (Whyte, 2021). The higher the number of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the more heat is trapped, and the warmer the earth becomes. Without the greenhouse effect, the earth would be too cold to support life as we know it. However, the greenhouse effect can also cause problems. If the earth gets too warm, it can be difficult for people, plants, and animals to survive.
The greenhouse effect is caused by a balance of incoming and outgoing energy. The Sun emits energy in the form of sunlight. This sunlight hits the earths atmosphere, and some of it is reflected in space. The remaining amount of sunlight gets absorbed by the earths surface, which then radiates the energy back into the atmosphere as heat. Greenhouse gases absorb this heat and re-radiate it in all directions, including back toward the earths surface (Whyte, 2021). This trapped heat makes the earths atmosphere warm, which keeps the earths surface warm enough to support life.
Carbon dioxide, water vapour, methane, and ozone are the main atmospheric gases involved in the greenhouse effect. The electromagnetic spectrum involves ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation (BiaBecki & Stanek, 2017). These atmospheric gases and portions of the electromagnetic spectrum are involved in the greenhouse effect because they absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, trapping heat in the atmosphere and causing the earths surface to warm.
Recently, the greenhouse effect has become a problem. This is because humans have been emitting more and more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These emissions come from burning fossil fuels, clearing forests, and raising livestock. As greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, the earths atmosphere will continue warming, resulting in increased global warming (BiaBecki & Stanek, 2017). This will cause several problems, including extreme weather, rising sea levels, and dwindling freshwater supplies. The melting of glaciers and ice caps is causing the sea level to rise, hence floods.
The loss of ice has affected ecosystems in several ways. One is by changing the habitat suitability for certain species. For example, ice-free areas are now more suitable for certain algae and bacteria growth. These changes in the growth of organisms can have ripple effects throughout the food web. Additionally, the loss of ice can also affect the physical environment. For example, the loss of ice can cause changes in the local water cycle and ocean currents warming (BiaBecki & Stanek, 2017). These changes can also affect the climate of the surrounding areas, which can affect the current ecosystems.
In conclusion, the greenhouse effect is a process that has both positive and negative effects on the environment. The positive effects include the ability to keep the earths surface warm, making it habitable for life. However, the greenhouse effect can also have adverse effects, such as global warming. If the greenhouse effect is too prevalent, it can cause the earths surface to warm to the point where it becomes uninhabitable for many life forms. The greenhouse effect is one of the main drivers of climate change, and it is important to take steps to reduce its impact.
References
Whyte, I. D. (2021). The greenhouse effect and greenhouse gases. Climatic Change and Human Society, 63-87.
BiaBecki, R., & Stanek, W. (2017). Cumulative greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions are a total measure of global warming potential. Thermodynamics for Sustainable Management of Natural Resources, 473-488.
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