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**********part one – answer questions on attached template ntroduction and Alignment That there were individuals who risked their own lives and liberty to rescue Jews is a bright spot in a very dark time. As we see in The Hiding Place, rescuers faced the same fate as those they rescued if they were caught. Rescue came in many different forms and with many different motivations. In 1953, the Israeli parliament (The Knesset) passed the Holocaust Martyrs’ and Heroes’ Remembrance Authority Law which created Yad Vashem Links to an external site.. Yad Vashem began the work to identify and recognize non-Jews who risked their lives during the Holocaust to save Jews. These individuals and groups became known as the “Righteous Among Nations.” People who became rescuers did not suddenly wake up one morning and decide to risk everything. A common thread among rescuers was that they lived altruistically before the Holocaust and their values translated into taking a stand when necessary. As you read the materials and watch video testimonies, think about if or how you are prepared to stand up for what you believe is right. Upon completion of this assignment, you should be able to: Analyze the motivations of non-Jewish rescuers in their efforts to help Jews survive during the Holocaust Resources: 1) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbJEXS-70vM&feature=youtu.be 2) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qCmwdVMmRas&feature=youtu.be 3) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8_hN_o1pgo&feature=youtu.be 4) https://echoesandreflections.org/wp-content/themes/twentysixteenechoes/fileview.php?source=1&file_nm=2017/07/07-02-05_StudentHandout_RescueinDenmark.pdf 5) https://echoesandreflections.org/wp-content/themes/twentysixteenechoes/fileview.php?source=1&file_nm=2019/02/07-02-03_StudentHandout_YadVashemCriteriaRighteousAmongNations_2_27_19.pdf 6) https://echoesandreflections.org/wp-content/themes/twentysixteenechoes/fileview.php?source=1&file_nm=2017/07/07-01-05_StudentHandout_ThoseWhoDaredtoRescue.pdf 7) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsAEooq1nHY&feature=youtu.be After watching all of the short videos above, choose three to rewatch and fill in this reflection chart: Testimony Reflections Links to an external site. Summarize what you learned from the survivor and what was meaningful to you Think about and note the emotions you notice – Why might they have felt that way? Give a personal response to each testimony Remember to answer the questions in the bottom box. Fill in the PDF, save as a new file and submit ********part 2 – Assignment Instructions Read the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel noting references to the Balfour Declaration and to the Holocaust. Click through the photos and brief biographies in the online exhibition. Answer the following questions in 1-2 pages: What role did the Holocaust play in the establishment of Israel as a Jewish state? Do you believe that Israel would exist today without that history? Why or why not? What similarities do you see among the Holocaust survivors who immigrated to Israel? Introduction and Alignment The land referred to as Palestine (what is now known as Israel) has been controlled by numerous governments over the years. The Ottoman Turks ruled the area from 1516 until 1917 and divided the area into three districts. When the Ottoman Empire was defeated along with Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I, the Empire fell apart, the victorious Allies divided the spoils, and Palestine became a British Mandate sanctioned by the League of Nations. British military leaders and politicians had their eyes on this part of the Middle East for strategic reasons during the war and issued the Balfour Declaration in 1917, which promised to create a Jewish National Home in Palestine. The Balfour Declaration was instrumental in shaping British policy, gaining the support of Zionists (Jews who politically strove for a Jewish state in their historic land), and also in angering the Palestinian Arabs who vastly outnumbered Jews in the region. Between 1921-23, Britain carved up the Mandate of Palestine, leaving only a small portion open to Jewish settlement and an eventual Jewish state. In 1947 the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution calling for the establishment of a Jewish state of Israel. They proposed a partition to allow for both a Jewish and Arab state in the land. When the British Mandate expired on May 14, 1948 the British withdrew from Palestine and the Jewish People’s Council declared the establishment of the State of Israel. Jewish Israel immediately had to defend itself from its Arab neighbors, but was victorious in a quick war. Upon completion of this assignment, you should be able to: Explain the connection between the Holocaust and the establishment of Israel as a Jewish state in 1948 Resources 1) Read: The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-declaration-of-the-establishment-of-the-state-of-israel 2) Explore: Holocaust Survivors and the State of Israel online exhibition https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/survivors/index.asp Click on the various pictures to read their personal stories. Click on the icon for full screen to show all of the story. image showing full screen icon You can use the arrows to navigate forward and back. ********part 3 – Assignment Instructions Write a one-page reflection on the issue of Holocaust denial answering the following questions: What is Holocaust denial or distortion? What are some reasons that people may deny (or distort) the Holocaust? Are any of those reasons valid? What can be done to combat Holocaust denial? Is this an issue of free speech or something that should be regulated? Why? apply the current APA formatting style. ntroduction and Alignment When Allied countries liberated camps, they were shocked by what they found. The atrocities they found were so unbelievable that they knew they would need to document everything to make it believable for future generations. Allied commanders filmed in the camps, made local officials walk through the camps, and recorded company names of those who produced the chemicals used in the gas chambers. One such film was A Painful Reminder. It was filmed by the British Army in 1945 but considered too controversial to be publicly viewed until the 1980s. Films like A Painful Reminder are important sources of irrefutable evidence, but not everyone considers the evidence irrefutable. Many individuals and groups continue to dispute the facts of the Holocaust. These disagreements range from outright denial (it never happened at all) to distortion (it happened but was not as bad as claimed). In Germany, strict laws concerning hate speech restrict Holocaust denial and glorification of the Nazis. Violators can (and have) even face prison time for publicly denying the Holocaust. These laws are in direct response to national history, but may seem extreme to our American perception of the importance of free speech. Upon completion of this assignment, you should be able to: Define Holocaust denial Resources: 1) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrXiE8_vjiw 2) https://www.ushmm.org/antisemitism/holocaust-denial-and-distortion/explaining-holocaust-denial 3) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-q2lwGHt1s 4) https://echoesandreflections.org/wp-content/themes/twentysixteenechoes/fileview.php?source=1&file_nm=2020/02/11-02-05_HolocaustDenialDistortion.pdf 5) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXGxmscdz6g 6) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxlX7okDvnw 7) https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/germanys-laws-antisemitic-hate-speech-nazi-propaganda-holocaust-denial/
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