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ABSTRACT
Since the fuel prices increasing not only in India but throughout the world day by day. Thus, there is tremendous need to modify or to reuse the output energy of engine fuel by using electrical energy source. A gasoline-electric hybrid bicycle which roles not only on internal combustion engine but also batteries and motors which is the generate electric energy to drive the wheels. It has a great advantage over previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It effects the environment into great extend so, it is very essential to make use of gasoline electric hybrid bicycle. Method to upgrade conventional bicycle into a combination of mechanical and electrical bicycle by using 2 stroke engine and by using motor and batteries to increase the overall efficiency and performance of bicycle within minimum cost. The combination of both powers makes the bicycle dynamic in nature, it provides advantage in fuel economy and environment impact over conventional bicycle. Initially the designing of bicycle in cad, simulations of inventor and other models are done equipment and their cost analysis is done. It deals with fabrication of the vehicle.
INTRODUCTION
During selection of project topic, it became necessary to design and fabricate the hybrid bicycle with mechanical and electrical combination because the major problems are arising like increasing pollution, fuel cost so it is necessary to have an alternative solution for this and hence A hybrid bicycle uses two or more distinct type of power sources, such as internal combustion engine to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor. The basic principle with hybrid bicycle is that the different motors work better at different speeds. The electric motor is more efficient at producing torque, power and then combustion engine is better for maintaining high speed better than typical electric motor. Switching from one to the other at the proper time while speeding up yields a win in terms of energy efficiency, as such that translate into greater fuel efficiency. In todays world, we face the problem of dwindling fuel resources for vehicle. There is no doubt that the emission of carbon dioxide from an automobile exhaust is a concern for the increasing rate of global warming. So, one of the optimistic solutions for such problem is the hybridization of the bicycle. The hybridization of a conventional combustion engine with an advanced electric motor drive may greatly enhance the overall efficiency and achieves better utilization fuel with reduced emissions. This include assembly of IC engine and it component. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. the final stage would consist of increasing efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.
METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN
The hybrid vehicle consists of following components: 2- Stroke engine, hub motor, lead- acid battery, controller, accelerator, bicycle, dynamo etc.
Two-stroke engine:
a two engine is a type of internal combustion engine which complete a power cycle with two stroke (up and down movement) of the piston during only one crankshaft revolution. The two stroke engine be the end of combustion stroke & beginning of the compression stroke happen simultaneously with the intake & exhaust function occurring at the same time.
Two stroke engines often have a high power to weight ratio, power being available in a narrow range of rotational speeds called the power band . Compared to four stroke engines, two stroke engines have a greatly reduced no of moving parts & so can be more compact & significantly lighter.
Hub motor
Hub motor is typically brushless motor, which replace the commutator and brushes with half dozen or more. Separate coils and an electronic circuit. The circuit switches the power on & off in the coil in turn creating forces in each one that make the motor spin.it generate high torque at low speed, & also doesnt need sprockets, brackets & drive chain. It is highly efficient. The main feature of hub motor is that they can be controlled to give wide constant power speed ranges.
Lead acid battery
[image: ]Lead acid batteries are very common in our day to day life. Batteries use a chemical reaction to do work on charge and produce a voltage between their output terminals. The sulphuric acid electrolyte produces a voltage. The supplying of energy to and external resistance discharge the battery. The discharge reaction can be reversed by applying a voltage from a charging source. Thus this project demand for a battery with long life with longer running hours lighter wright with respect to its high output voltage & higher energy density among all the available battery types the most suitable ones to be selected.
Controller
A motor controller is an important element of the hybrid bicycle. It serves as a brain of bicycle. It controls the amount to power supplied to the hub motor & also to the lights, horn, etc. the motor controller is connected to a power source. Such as a battery pack & control circuitry in the form of analog or digital input signals. The motor controller performs the fun of conversion of DC voltage from battery to an alternating voltage with variable amplitude & frequency that drive the hub motor at different speed.
CONCLUSION:
It is observed that, the ICE in this built hybrid electric bicycle is utilized for obtaining the propulsion of the bicycle from the rest, as the speed is increased; the electric motor propulsion is combined with the ICE propulsion for total movement of the bicycle. The total torque obtained by both ICE and electric motor are synchronized for respective road gradient by varying suitably the respective controllers utilized. By doing torque distribution accordingly, battery life per total charge can be enhanced in driving the electric motor also minimizing the fuel required for ICE propulsion.
REFERENCES
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- Satti swami reddy , eco friendly vehicle , international journal of engineering trends and technology, issue 4, April 2013, page no.957-960
- Kunjan shinde, literature review on electric bike , volume 7, issue-1, April 2017
- Barve D.S, ‘Design and Development of Solar Hybrid Bicycle’, International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, pp. 377-380,issue 2016
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- Darshil g.kothsri, hybride bicycle , International Journal of Engineering development and research,volume-2,issue-1,2014
- Sharada prasad, design and development of hybrid electric two wheeler,volume-2,issue-2,spe2014
- D.j.santini, importance of vehicle cost fuel price and fuel efficiency in hybrid electric vehicle,issue1738,page no.11-19,2000
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305683710
- https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle
- https://www.scribd.com/document/12230278/Hybrid-Electric-Bike-Research
- http://www.lfbike.co.uk//img/cms/whats-ebike.jpg
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