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The demographic trends in many countries have been vastly different. This is the effect of many countries population growth or population-reduction initiatives. Ethiopia is demonstrating massive progress with relation to the development of health and living conditions of its citizens. Infant and maternal mortality are decreasing, and child mortality under the age of 5 was cut in half in 2020 compared to 2005 (Ethiopia, 2020). The trend in relation to fertility rate is declining, and the prospect of the population becoming younger is no longer a big concern.
The United Kingdoms population is an example of a population that has gone through a demographic transition. The country is now experiencing low growth of the population but increased percentage of migrants. Net inward migration accounted for roughly 69 percent of population increase in the year to mid-2005 (ONS, 2021). The median age has become the majority population throughout time, and this has been exacerbated by the influx of young people into the nation (ONS, 2021). This implies more productivity and innovation, which means less dependency.
In the past, Indonesias population was growing at a breakneck pace. However, due to a drop in infertility rates, a change in population growth has been on the decline in recent years (Indonesia, 2020). The increasing accessibility of birth control, growing earnings, urbanization, and better levels of education for women, as well as the decrease in childbearing, might be the primary causes of such transformation. As a result of this transition, economic development can be accelerated as the working-age population grows and the number of dependent children decreases.
In conclusion, Ethiopias growth rate is accelerating due to increased childbearing, lower baby and mother mortality, and a sharp decrease in child mortality rates. Because the fertility rate is not steady, the United Kingdoms growth rate is decreasing. On the other hand, Indonesias population growth is constant due to a change in population growth induced by lower fertility due to increased access to birth control, rising earnings, urbanization, and better levels of education for women, as well as a drop in births.
References
Ethiopia demographics. Worldometer. (2020).
Indonesia demographics. Worldometer. (2020).
Office for National Statistics (ONS). (2021). Overview of the UK population: January 2021. Overview of the UK population.
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