Two Passages From The Devil on the Cross by Ngugi

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First passage

In this passage Wariinga who is the main protagonist in this play talks about her material and emotional problems. In this case, it can be argued that Wariinga had been abandoned by her lover, which resulted in her emotional problems. From the passage, it can be argued that Wariinga had been having the desire for richness which had not been fulfilled because of the poverty she had been living under. Additionally, it can be said that the heart is an organ within the human flesh that desires extraordinary things. This can be evident from what Wariinga says that the heart is flesh and that it is not just flesh; meant to imply that it accounts for more than the flesh aspect of it. It is further of importance to note that Wariinga used imagery when she said that the heart makes the man and it is made by man. In this case, she meant that whatever one does or thinks comes from the desires of the heart and as a result, the desires dictate human actions. Within the course of this passage, Wariinga criticizes the human heart saying that it changes just as suddenly as a passing cloud. In this case, whatever one thinks about comes from the heart from where their desire for riches comes from. Additionally, it can be argued that the theme of human desires is portrayed in this passage. In this case, human actions are dictated by the wishes of the heart; as evident from what Wariinga says that the heart cooperates with all the other organs of the body.

Additionally, there is the theme of religion where Wariinga states that there is always Heaven and Hell, good and bad; and that there is always a difference between the two where they keep on fighting. It can also be argued that from the passage there are elements of imagery where the heart is like to a passing wind. On the other hand,

by saying that the heart makes the man; Wariinga meant that the behavior of a man originates from what is in his heart. Based on this; it can be argued that from the heart comes good and bad things, as the physical mans heart pumps the blood carrying as well as helping remove wastes from the body.

Second passage

The second passage shows a story told by Wangari to Muntari, Wariinga and Gatuiria; where she outlines her ambitions and dreams. From the passage, it is ironical that Wangari had composed a number of songs but had found neither the theme nor the tune of her music or dream. Further, it can be argued that Wangari found a new theme for her music only after she was told the story that she had a new idea.

An example of the stylistic devices used within this passage is satire; where Wangari asks whether there could be any theme to be taught other than the tale of a man exchanging his soul for earthly riches? In this case, Wangari did not see any new theme or tune in her new music other than what she had before. From the passage it can be argued that people had been exchanging their souls for worldly wealth. In this case, Wangari is asking those in charge of the changes to have them brought the soonest possible. Based on this, there is the theme of change where Wangari says that she does not think that there is any difference between her new musical theme and tune from the one she had before. On the other hand, she wished that the change could be brought as soon as possible by those in charge.

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